Many people know that dogs are highly intelligent, but what is their actual IQ? It is widely believed that dogs have an average IQ of 100. However, because intelligence in humans and dogs is measured by a variety of factors, this number is a very limited indication of a dog’s actual intelligence. A dog’s intelligence cannot be accurately scored using the same metrics given to humans.
When comparing dog intelligence to human intelligence, recent studies have shown that dogs’ intellectual abilities are comparable to that of a two to two-and-a-half year old human child.1 If you do the math, a dog’s IQ is not equivalent to the average intelligence of an adult human. There are many superstitions about dog intelligence, but we’re here to set the facts straight.
What is a dog’s IQ?
Human IQ tests are designed to test reasoning and problem-solving abilities. These tests start with a baseline average of 100, and people can score above or below this average. It’s important to note that scientists update these tests every few years to keep the average at 100.
Knowing how a human IQ test works can help you understand why it cannot be applied to scoring intelligence in dogs. Human IQ tests are based on questions that measure reasoning and problem-solving skills for humans, but of course the same skills do not apply to pets. However, there are specific tests that dogs can take based on the skills that are relevant and applicable to the breed’s needs and abilities.
How is a dog’s intelligence measured?
When comparing dogs’ mental abilities, they most closely resemble human infants. data shows Dogs can learn and remember approximately 165 words and signals. Particularly smart dogs can learn to distinguish up to 250 words. Dogs can also learn to count up to five and understand the basics of math.
Researchers measure a dog’s intelligence in three categories: instinct, adaptation, and workability and obedience. Instinctual intelligence measures a dog’s ability to do what it was raised to do. Adaptive intelligence refers to a dog’s problem-solving skills and ability to learn from its environment. Finally, Labor and Obedience measures skills learned through obedience training.
When it comes to labor and obedience, Border Collies score highest, followed by Poodles, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Dobermans, Shetland Sheepdogs, and Labrador Retrievers. Afghan Hounds have the lowest scores for workability and obedience, and Basenjis, Bulldogs, and Chow Chows are among the most difficult breeds to train.
A dog’s mental capacity is comparable to that of a human toddler, while their social intelligence is comparable to that of a human teenager. Dogs have a strong ability to communicate with each other and with humans. A study revealed Some dogs can learn to trick humans and other dogs and can adjust their behavior in front of different people.
Is it possible to increase a dog’s intelligence?
Breed can influence a dog’s intelligence, but so does the environment. Just like humans, dogs can learn to become smarter through education. Dogs that receive more mental stimulation tend to learn faster than other dogs. When we are exposed to new and difficult situations, neural connections are formed in our minds.
Therefore, giving your puppy a strong foundation in obedience training will help him learn commands faster and strengthen communication with his owner. Providing enriching activities such as puzzle toys can also challenge and stimulate children’s minds. Early socialization and gently exposing your puppy to new people and experiences will also help increase your puppy’s intelligence.
conclusion
A dog’s intellectual capacity is similar to that of a young child, but dogs are still intelligent and superior in their own ways. There’s a reason dogs are known as man’s best friend. Intentionally or not, they have made the wise choice to bond with another smart species and have adapted to survive and thrive among humans in ways unlike other animals.
Featured image credit: Lisjatina, Shutterstock
