PetMD’s drug content is written and reviewed by veterinary experts to answer frequently asked questions about how drugs work, what side effects they have, what species they are prescribed for, etc. This content is not intended to replace the advice of a veterinarian.
What is Sucralfate?
Sucralfate Sucralfate is a medication used to protect the lining of the digestive tract, specifically the esophagus, stomach, and upper small intestine. It comes in tablet or liquid form and is effective in preventing ulcers and treating existing ulcers. Sucralfate is used in many species, including dogs, cats, horses, ferrets, chinchillas, reptiles, and birds.
The action of sucralfate
Sucralfate combines with stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) to form a paste-like coating that adheres to the lining of the gastrointestinal system and also forms a protective barrier over ulcers in the stomach, duodenum, and esophagus.
Sucralfate is approved for human use by the FDA under the brand name Carafate.® Sucralfate is available as a generic drug. Sucralfate is not currently approved by the FDA for use in animals. However, it is readily available in the veterinary field, and veterinarians may legally prescribe certain human medications for animals under certain circumstances. This use is not listed on the drug label and is therefore called extra-label or off-label use.
In some circumstances, your veterinarian may recommend a compounded form of sucralfate. Compounded medications are prescribed when there is a specific reason your pet’s health cannot be managed with an FDA-approved medication, such as your pet having difficulty taking capsules, a dosage strength not available over the counter, or your pet being allergic to an ingredient in an FDA-approved medication. Compounded medications are not FDA approved. They are individually made by your veterinarian or licensed pharmacist to meet the patient’s specific needs. Learn more about compounded medications here. Here is the compounded medicine.
How to Use Sucralfate
Follow the directions on the medicine label or your veterinarian’s instructions. Sucralfate is usually given by mouth every 6 to 12 hours. Sucralfate should be given on an empty stomach and at least 2 hours after any other medications have been given.
If tablets are used, they are best crushed, dissolved in a small amount of water, and the resulting suspension taken orally.
Shake liquid preparations before administration.
Forgot to take a dose?
If you miss a dose of sucralfate, ask your veterinarian what to do. Your veterinarian will usually have you give it when you remember, or, if it’s almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to the regular dosing schedule. Do not give an extra dose or double the dose.
Possible Side Effects of Sucralfate
Sucralfate is generally well tolerated and the following side effects are generally rare and mild:
-
constipation
-
vomiting
-
Drooling
Side effects in humans
It is a prescription drug for humans, but humans may have different dosages and side effects. If your pet accidentally ingests prescribed sucralfate, contact your doctor or the National Poison Control Center hotline at 800-222-1222.
Monitoring
This medication does not require any special monitoring, but your veterinarian may recommend regular checkups depending on your pet’s individual needs, other medications they are taking, and/or what led to your pet taking this medication.
Contact your veterinarian if:
-
Serious side effects have been observed (see above)
-
Your pet’s condition worsens or does not improve with treatment
-
If you witness or suspect an overdose
-
If you have additional questions or concerns about using sucralfate
Information about Sucralfate overdose
Sucralfate overdose is extremely rare and large amounts of the drug are well tolerated. Signs of overdose include vomiting, constipation, and drooling.
If overdose is suspected, contact your veterinarian immediately, seek emergency veterinary care, or contact an animal poison control center, which often charges a consultation fee.
Pet Poisoning Helpline (855) 764-7661
ASPCA Animal Poison Control Association (888) 426-4435
Sucralfate Storage
Sucralfate tablets and liquid should be stored at room temperature between 68 and 77 F. Do not freeze, and be sure to read the label for storage temperatures.
Keep container tightly closed to protect from moisture and light.
Dispensed medications must be stored according to the dispensing pharmacy’s labeling.
Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Frequently asked questions about sucralfate
Is it okay to give my pet sucralfate on an empty stomach?
Sucralfate works best on an empty stomach and is usually given with water at least 2 hours after other medications have been administered.
How long should my pet be on sucralfate?
Generally, your pet can continue to receive sucralfate for as long as your veterinarian deems necessary for your pet’s current condition.
Neither the veterinarian authors nor the qualified reviewers received compensation from any drug manufacturer to prepare this article. All content contained in this article is obtained from publicly available sources or manufacturers.
References
Marks SL, Kook PH, Papich MG, Tolbert MK, Willard MD. ACVIM Consensus Statement: Support for Rational Dosing of Gastrointestinal Protectants in Dogs and CatsJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2018;32(6):1823-1840
Williams BH. Ferret medication.North American Veterinary Clinics: Exotic Animal Practice. 2000;3(1):131-vi
Videla R, Andrews FM. A new perspective on equine gastric ulcer syndromeNorth American Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice. 2009;25(2):283-301
Featured Image: iStock.com/goodluz
